Smoking May Not Increase Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures

 

Abstract

Background: We tried to understand whether there are some effects of smoking on systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP).

Method: Consecutive daily smokers at least with six pack months and age and sex-matched non-smokers were taken into the study. Cases with regular alcohol consumption (one drink a day) for at least six months and patients with inflammatory, infectious, or devastating disorders or heart failure were excluded.

Results: The study included 247 smokers (173 males) and 167 non-smokers. Mean age of the smokers was 46.2 years, and 70.0% of them were males. Although the plasma triglycerides (163.1 versus 151.3 mg/dL, p<0.05), low density lipoproteins (LDL) (123.8 versus 117.5 mg/dL, p<0.05), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (10.6 versus 9.3 mm/h, p<0.05), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (2.3 versus 2.0 mg/L, p<0.05) values were all higher in the smokers, the body weight, body mass index (BMI), and systolic and diastolic BP were not changed in them. On the other hand, high density lipoproteins (HDL) (40.9 versus 44.0 mg/dL, p<0.05) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (102.3 versus 111.6 mg/dL, p= 0.007) values and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) (8.9% versus 14.3%, p<0.05) were all lower in the smokers.

Conclusion: Smoking causes a low-grade systemic inflammation on vascular endothelium terminating with an accelerated atherosclerosis-induced end-organ insufficiencies all over the body. Although the plasma triglycerides, LDL, ESR, and CRP were increased, and HDL, FPG, and DM were decreased in the smokers, the body weight, BMI, and systolic and diastolic BP were not changed in them, significantly.

Keywords: Smoking; Systolic Blood Pressure; Diastolic Blood Pressure; Triglycerides; Low Density Lipoproteins; High Density Lipoproteins; Fasting Plasma Glucose

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Biostatistical and Mathematical Analysis on Diversion Cover Plate During Covid-19 Pandemic

 

Abstract

Submarine sailing under the water, because of the attack, misoperation, equipment failure, collision, fire and other factors, the risk of wreck always exists. How to escape and how to carry out effective rescue is a problem that needs to be solved for the navy of submarine owner country since submarine came into being. In order to improve the ability to float out of danger, some submarines are equipped with gas blowing equipment or hydrazine blowing equipment (two kinds of chemical liquid mixed to produce a large amount of high-pressure gas) for emergency ballast jetting, so that the submarine quickly drainage up to float. Some submarines are equipped with quick drift escape device and collective escape with buoyancy ball, buoyancy cylinder, etc. In this paper, the motion characteristics of a simplified diversion cover plate used for buoyancy ball are studied and a differential equation solution is given during COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: The submarine; Guide plate; Movement characteristics

Introduction

As for the release device with the buoyancy ball, the resistance of the submarine in the course of moving is generally borne by the diversion cover plate above it. In case of danger, the diversion cover plate above the buoyancy ball needs to be unlocked by the mechanical locking device and can be opened smoothly and smoothly under the action of buoyancy. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the motion characteristics of fixed axis positive buoyancy diversion cover plate under water during COVID-19 pandemic [1].

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A Control Study of Apamargakshara in the Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Introduction

In Ayurvedic classics Mutraghata is the symptoms of low urinary output either by retention, absolute or relative anuria or oliguria Mutraghata and it is predominantly due to the Vata Dosha [1]. The Vata Dosha is responsible to expel the urine output timely as well as uniformly. If Vata gets vitiated, it causes various diseases in relation with Basti & produces Mutrarogas such as Prameha, Ashmari, Mutraghata, Mutrakruchcha. In Ayuraveda the Vatashtheela is a type of Mutraghata which may have some similarity with BPH based on symptoms such as Achala Unnata Granthi (singly movable & elevated), Vinmutranilasanga (retention of urine, faeces & flatus), Bastiadhmana and Vedanachaparabastou (excruciating pain in the bladder) [2]. BPH is the most common benign tumor in male patients, and its incidence is age related. Risk factor for the development of the BPH are not clearly understood. Some studies have suggested genetic predisposition, and some noted racial differences [3]. BPH is a senile disorder and chiefly affects individuals above the age of 50 years. The symptoms are those of BOO i.e. increased maturation frequency, dribbling, hesitancy, and the features of chronic urinary retention. In Ayuraveda Mutraghata was treated with Bhaishajya Chikitsa. Acharya Sushruta told general line of management of all type of Mutraghata with the use of Kashaya, Kalka, Avaleha, Kshar, Madhya, Aasava, Swedana Basti and Uttarbasti [4] so, it was decided to use Kshar in current study Apamargakshara is described in various diseases and used in indigenous medicine for treatment of diseases like Udararog, Mutrakruccha, Amadosa, Kaphavatavikar, Amavata, and some other complaints. According to Bhaishajyaratnavali, Apamargakshara is superior and best than other Kshara (alkali) as well as it can be used as a Lekhankarma, and it has diuretic property [5]. Apamargakshara is Katurasatmak in taste and Katu vipak, UshnaVirya, Vata, Kaphaghna in properties.

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TCM Systematology: Ancient Wisdom Against Contemporary Global Crisis

 

Abstract

In the era of globalization and pluralism, the world is constantly experiencing cultural conflicts, political divisions, and war killings. Mankind has not yet established a good policy to maintain world security. Because modern society lacks cultural wisdom matching globalization. Traditional Chinese medicine philosophy inherits the ancient cultural tradition, and its system balance theory and coordination thought have important inspiration for solving the crisis of modern society.

Keywords: TCM Philosophy; Human Crisis; System Thought; Ecological Synergy

Systematic Thinking Of TCM Helps to Construct a New Order of Globalization

The way out of the crisis lies in building high-level system thinking. Einstein said: “the answers to all difficult problems are at a higher level. It is difficult to solve problems at the same level by thinking at the same level. Only when your own cognitive level is improved can you successfully solve low-level problems, just like college students doing math problems for primary school students.” In view of the vulgar performances of primary school students on the international political stage, we need the University thinking of traditional Chinese medicine philosophy [1].

TCM classics such as the《nner Canon of Huangdi》《Treatise on typhoid feve》and others contain the idea of ecological balance and harmonious social development: the human body is regarded as an active system restricted by various natural factors, and local diseases are considered in the whole system clinically, so that the body can heal itself by regulating the meridian system. For example, traditional Chinese medicine believes that ear acupoints correspond to whole body organs through meridians and collaterals and stimulating ear acupoints can adjust and improve the state of corresponding systems and bodies. Similarly, tongue color and shape changes can also be used as a diagnostic basis. This is the dialectical method of TCM bio holography in clinic and diagnosis. Use the energy of the human body to solve health problems [2,3].

We can use this systematic thinking model for reference to analyze isolated international events in the globalization system. For example, the Ukraine Russia war is a political contest between the European and American camps and the two camps composed of Russia, China and other countries. Systemic advantage is the key to victory. TCM is good at predicting the future development of the situation through hidden factors. This is what modern human society lacks.

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Bioremediation of Cypermethrin by Laccase Producing Bacteria

 

Abstract

Increased urbanization and industries has led to the production, accumulation and incorporation of contaminant into the ecosystems, distorting and impacting, plant, human and animal health. Several physical, chemical, and biological strategies have been adopted to eliminate these contaminants from soil and water bodies. Biotechnological processes involving microorganisms and enzymes have been widely used for this purpose; specifically, laccases, which is a versatile enzyme which catalyse oxidation reaction coupled to four- electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water. Laccases 1, 4-benzenediol oxygen oxidoreductase, are also called as “Blue Enzyme” as they are multinuclear copper containing enzymes. Laccase belongs to the superfamily of multicopper oxidases (MCOs)—a group of enzymes comprising many proteins with different substrate specificities and diverse biological functions. are broad spectrum biocatalysts, have been used to degrade several compounds, such as those that can be found in the effluents from industries and hospitals. Cypermethrin is an organophosphorus pesticide, belonging to a group of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides which are analogous of naturally occurring pyrethrins of botanical origin. It is widely used in agriculture, forestry, Horticulture, public health, and households for the protection of textiles and to check pest infestation. The present investigation is therefore carried out to study the potential of bacterial laccase in the biodegradation of Cypermethrin.

Keywords: Laccase; Bacteria; Bioremediation; Cypermethrin

Introduction

Laccase belongs to the enzyme family of multi- copper oxidases (MCOs), are classified as benzenediol oxygen reductases and are also known as Uracil oxidases and p-diphenol oxidases. The term ‘Laccase’ stems from its original identification in the exudates of the Japanese lacquer tree Rhusver nicifera described by Yoshida (1883). Just over a century later, it was characterized as being a metal-containing oxidase depicted by Bertrand (1985). Laccase can catalyse the oxidation of various organic and inorganic compounds including diphenols, polyphenols, diamines, substituted phenols, and aromatic amines with reduction of molecular oxygen to water. Laccase also oxidizes other substrates such as aromatic amines, syringaldazine, 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline6-sulphonate) and 1hydroxybenzotriazole, 2,2,6,6-tetrametylpiperidineoxy (TEMPO), violuric acid to form free radicals (Zille et al., 2003).

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Multi-Modal Paths in Rural Appalachia to Improve Local Transportation Opportunities: a Case Study

 

Abstract

Transportation is a public health problem in the rural Appalachian region of the United States. Furthermore, access to outdoor physical activity facilities and transportation to schools is limited and difficult to establish. This case study aims to highlight assets and problems sur-rounding transportation in rural Appalachia and how advocacy for multi-modal lanes can be beneficial to address the important need to improve transportation. Improving multi-modal forms of transportation can provide many benefits within a community and can positively impact different populations. If we improve transportation, all health outcomes change. Additionally, new growth by way of multi-modal transportation creates demand for new housing, business, and community. Harmony Lanes is a local non-profit in rural Northwestern North Carolina formed to fulfill a mission: “Create safe, inclusive multi-modal infrastructure.” Their purpose is to identify what worked in the past so that we (and others) can aim to replicate those steps in order to be successful. This case study examines the timeline and actions taken to organize people, the community, and leaders to make a small change in transportation to improve rural mobility in the Appalachians.

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The Anti-Asian American Pacific Islander Bias Survey: Anti- Asian Bias Spectrum from Microaggressions to Violence

 

Abstract

Background: Anti-Asian bias is not a new phenomenon. The murders of eight victims at spas in Georgia with six of the victims being Asian women has caused a new generation to speak up about the discrimination that is directed toward those who identify as Asian American Pacific Islanders (AAPI).

Objectives: The brief Anti-Asian American Pacific Islander Bias Survey (AAAPIBS) was developed to view how discrimination shows up from microaggressions to violence on the spectrum of Anti-Asian bias.

Methodology: A convenience sample of occupational therapy practitioners and Asian American women in academia in the U.S. were given the survey.

Results: Anti-Asian discrimination occurs on a spectrum which has two major themes: Perpetual Foreigner and Model Minority. One new item emerged which was cultural appropriation from AAPI practices which are sources of cultural strengths and support, e.g. Mindfulness.

Implications: Anti-AAPI bias hinders the complete participation of AAPI Peoples in our society.

Keywords: Cultural appropriation; Envied Outgroup; Microaggressions; Model Minority; Perpetual Foreigner

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Acupuncture in the Quality of Life of Rheumatoid Arthritis

 

Abstract

Objectives: Health and quality of life (QoL) go hand in hand in the path taken daily by multidisciplinary teams, in health promotion and disease prevention, in search of the patient’s overall satisfaction. This study evaluates the effect of acupuncture on the QoL of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).

Methodology: Analytical, cross-sectional observational study, analysed 50 patients outlining 3 hypotheses to observe interactions: H1, acupuncture has a mediating effect on QoL assessment; H2, disease activity score (DAS28 CRP) is influenced by acupuncture and H3, QoL and RA disease activity are related

Results: QoL is favorably influenced by acupuncture, with a mean value after complementary acupuncture treatment (tcA) higher than at baseline, assuming a significance level of 0.05. Acupuncture is also a positive mediator in reducing disease activity, achieving 44% of patients in remission and no patients with high disease activity after treatment. It was observed that there is a slight constructive trend in the relationship between QoL and disease intensity, in patients under tcA

Conclusion: The treatment of RA with optimization of QoL and reduction of disease intensity is the most clinically aspired goal, which requires disease management and the offer of therapeutic suggestions able to reach the targets more effectively and efficiently. Acupuncture seems to play an important role when complemented to the already established therapeutic attitudes, in order to achieve the objectives

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Pandemic Scenario in India: A Review

Abstract

The COVID-19 has made many a change in daily livelihood of us. We are the present generation who has witnessed a pandemic in their lifetimes. In this context it is very much relevant to get an idea about any kind of remedial procedures were discussed or mentioned in literature down the ancient history of India. India is mother of ancient civilization. There are various discoverers which were made by Indian scientists in ancient times and now these are recognized by modern science. Amongst them most important is ayurveda. In present years, the herbal ameliorating role of ayurveda in various kinds of diseases is accepted by the modern scientific and/ medical personnel. In this quest I have made some survey of literature (both online and offline). Based upon the available information the present review was designed. I divided my study in two parts. In the beginning, we will look into the occurrence of pandemics in ancient India. Second, we will put some light regarding the remedial procedures and /measures taken to stop the spread of pandemic mentioned in ayurveda. In this regard, I have got very interesting results. I noted occurrence of pandemic in India times back to B.C.E and this was prevalent in 19th century as well. For prevention of this pandemic number of measures are mentioned in ayurveda including quarantine, isolation, home isolation etc. As part of remedial measures, boosting up of immunity, reframing and refreshing of metabolic systems of body, different tests and methods for enhancing lung capacity, physical mobility (in forms of yoga and meditation) is prescribed as non-invasive methods. Thus, present study will encompass the rich cultural as well as scientific heritage of ancient India.

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Oxalate Degrading Lactic Acid Bacteria in Prevention and Management of Kidney Stone

 

Abstract

Oxalate degrading lactic acid bacteria possessing oxc (Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase) and frc (Formyl-CoA transferase) genes are now being explored for their application as ingredients for prevention and management of kidney stone. Kidney stones increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease and is associated with dysbiosis of gut microbiota Vaziri et al. [1]. Probiotics enhances the gut barrier by increasing mucus integrity, epithelial tight junction (ETJ) and epithelial cells survival and also control the overgrowth of pathobionts by reduction of pH and production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Probiotic bacteria belonging to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus have been studied for their potential capability of oxalate degradation potential and reported high and efficient degradation of intestinal oxalate and reduces the level of oxaluria in patients with calcium-oxalate kidney stone and mild hyperoxaluria. The key oxalate degrading genes Oxc and frc have been sequenced in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. and these strains are commonly used in dairy for probiotic preparation and management of kidney stone and are generally recognised as safe for human consumption. It was demonstrated that oxalate degrading Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species possessing probiotic properties and could possibly be used in a prophylactic approach and natural way for prevention and management of kidney stone disease.

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Modulating Serum Lipids with Berberine in Naturopathic Clinical Practice

 

Abstract

Medical intervention to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis using lipid modulating medications has been a target for reducing cardiovascular risk for over 40 years. Lipid lowering medications, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statin’s), and more recently PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i (protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors) are now and in the future will be the main stay therapy for reducing Atherosclerosis. However, the uncertainty of statin induced myalgia and other bad publicity via the media and internet reports has caused many patients to opt out of statin therapy. Berberine and is quinoline alkaloid has had several clinical trials demonstrating potential in managing cardiovascular disease risk. Berberine is a safe and natural alternative for modulating circulating lipids including LDL-C, however possible drug interactions, due to its effects on P450 enzymes, does indicate some caution should be exercised.

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Effects Of Forest Bathing (Forest Therapy) And Diaphragmatic Deep Breathing Exercise on Pre- Hypertensive/Hypertensive Adults in Hong Kong: A Quasi- Experimental Feasibility Study

 

Abstract

This study aimed to examine and compare therapeutic effectiveness between forest bathing (FB) and diaphragmatic deep breathing exercise (DDBE) in middle-aged adults with pre-hypertension or hypertension in Hong Kong. Four sessions each of FB and DDBE were conducted among eligible participants in a country park (n=21) and a quiet room (n=12), respectively. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate (PR), mood states, and state and trait anxiety levels were measured before (baseline) and immediate before and after each intervention, and eight weeks post intervention. After four consecutive weeks of intervention, the FB group achieved a significant decrease in SBP 7.4 mmHg and a significant reduce in the scores of state anxiety level of 11.5, trait anxiety levels of 6.4, the total mood states of 14.8, tension-anxiety of 3.2, depression of 2.0, fatigue of 4.1, anger of 2.3 and confusion of 2.0. DDBE intervention showed no effect on lowering SBP, DBP and PR, but it showed a significant decrease in the scores of state anxiety level of 8.0, trait anxiety level 6.2, total mood states 9.0, tension-anxiety 1.6 and confusion 1.8. FB was more effective in lowering SBP, state and trait anxiety levels, and improving negative mood, while DDBE was more effective in decreasing PR. At eight weeks after intervention, only FB had a significant sustained effect on lowering PR of 6.9 beats/ min. These findings provide preliminary evidence that FB is more effective than DDBE in lowering SBP and anxiety levels in the study population.

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“Phytochemical Screening, Anti-Oxidant and Anti- Hyperglycaemic Activity Determination of PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA”

 

Abstract

Present research was intended to study the phytochemical, antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity of Phyllanthus emblica fruits ethanolic extract (PEFEE). This involved the preparation of PEFEE using cold maceration and soxhlet extraction, followed by its phytochemical analysis and antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity. Maceration and soxhlet extraction of Phyllanthus emblica using ethanol offered dark brown of Phyllanthus emblica fruits ethanolic extract. The antihyperglycemic activity involved STZ induced diabetic rats where they were treated with PEFEE at 200 mg and 400 mg/kg body weight/day, or glibenclamide (10 mg/kg body weight/day) for 21 days. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence ophytoconstituents, such as: carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, anthraquinone, flavonoids and volatile oils The antioxidant activity and total phenolic content wascarried out to identify the IC50 value and the total amount of phenolic content of Phyllanthus emblica. The DPPH radical scavenging assay and total phenolic test were shown positive for the antioxidant activity of the Phyllanthus emblica. As a basis, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used to measure the phenolic content of different concentrations of plant extract. In this test, the Gallic acid was used as a standard and the total phenolic content was calculated by using the standard formula In the present study, the total phenolic content found was to be 6.420 mg GAE/g and 6.097 mg GAE/g for the concentrations of 50 and 200μg/ml respectively. According to the results obtained, the IC50 was calculated for the BHT as well as Phyllanthus emblica extract, the value was 84.04μg/ml and 182.82μg/ml, respectively. However, it can be concluded that the Phyllanthus emblica are exhibiting antioxidant effect as it shows positive results for the total phenolic content (TPC) as well as DPPH scavenging method. The antihyperglycemic activity revealed that Phyllanthus emblica fruits extract has antihyperglycemic effect against STZ induced diabetic rats and the extract maintains the BW of diabetic rats. Present study established that the Phyllanthus emblica fruits ethanolic extract possess antihyperglycemic activity.

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Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Healthcare

 

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is globally emerging as a logistic tool in digital technology and depicts its wide range of relevance in preventive medicine and its management. Smart Hospitals or Hospital 4.0 is a basic need for today’s scenario seeking to COVID 19. [1] Coronavirus has become epidemic and claim for imperative medical supplies, medicines along with the synthesis of neutralizing antibodies which can block the virus particles. Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) known as the fourth industrial revolution served to be at rest during COVID-19 crunch. IIoT has assassinated the demands of individualized face conceal, mitten and enabled to conduct all relevant research and assisted to provide the data immediately for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Effective upturn off wearables and sensors (like Apple Watch, MI Band) has escort a new generation of telemedicine, where patients could be cared virtually by hospital staff. The employment of these technologies would help people to get [2] enlighten regarding their wellbeing. These smart manufacturing technologies could provide a lot of resourceful brainstorm band-aid to scuffle geographical and global medical emergencies.

The aim of chapter is to through light on the smart system of Industry 4.0 during this pandemic of COVID 19 by providing better digital techniques without imposing the risks to [3] healthcare. This paper overall deals with how AI and Industry 4.0 co-jointly can change the whole scenario of our medical procedures as well as healthcare systems and in addition to that many technologies which are currently helping in the medical field are also being discussed.

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Characterizing Approaches and Research Methods for Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment in Chronic Liver Diseases

 

Introduction

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome (a.k.a., ZHENG or Zheng-Hou), “in essence, is a characteristic profile of all clinical manifestations that can be identified by a TCM practitioner.” TCM syndrome is the differentiation of the symptoms and signs of patients, reflecting the overall pathological state including the etiology, disease location and pathogenesis of a certain stage of the body during the disease process [1]. As TCM syndrome is the external manifestation of the internal changes associated with the disease, it reflects the overall state of the body and has its own integrity, while the external symptoms and signs are constantly changing with the disease’s occurrence and development, reflecting the complex characteristics of uncertainty and human-made factors.

TCM syndrome differentiation is the process of recognizing syndromes, which then guides the practitioner to determine the corresponding treatment method. Considering the limits to the rational understanding and behavior of both doctors and patients, TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment is a complex, dynamic, nonlinear system. This review aims to summarize three primary approaches to TCM syndrome in the chronic liver diseases (CLDs), including research needs in these areas, as follows:

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Benefit Of Multimedia Rehabilitation - Academy for The Brain as Intense Brain Stimulation in The Treatment of People with ASD Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a syndrome characterized by problems with socialization, communication, and behavior. This syndrome causes the child to present some specific characteristics most of the time, such as difficulty in communication, speech, difficulty in expressing feelings and ideas, they often feel uncomfortable in the presence of people who do not know them and avoid eye contact, in addition to repetitive patterns and stereotyped movements, such as spending a lot of time rocking your body or an object. However, it is not a rule that everyone has the same repetitive patterns, some children have more than others. We know that our brain can be “reprogrammed” at every moment, creating new synaptic connections and promoting neurogenesis (birth of new neurons, mainly in the hippocampus region). Brain plasticity, or neuroplasticity, is the brain’s ability to recover and restructure. This adaptive capacity of the nervous system allows the brain to recover from disorders or injuries. The Multimedia Rehabilitation technique - Brain Gymnastics - Neurofitness promotes intense brain stimulation, where using the computer it is possible to have all areas of the brain exercised simultaneously. Therefore, this is a technique of great worldwide relevance in the intervention and treatment of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where it is possible to promote great stimulation in all areas of the cerebral cortex simultaneously, bringing neurological maturity in a global way, favoring the developing all areas that occur deficits and awakening new skills and talents. 

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Hospice And Palliative Care Services Development in Shanghai

Abstract

Shanghai, a pioneer municipal city in implementing hospice and palliative care (HPC) services in China, has realized its initial goal of universal coverage of either inpatient or home-based HPC services in all community health centers (CHCs) by 2020. However, there are still some bottlenecks during the progress, including low equalization and homogenization of services among different CHCs, and lack of charging items for comprehensive evaluation, alternative therapy, appropriate traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) technology and humanistic care which are labor-intensive. There is an urgent need to construct and standardize contents and items of HPC services and introduce payment method by service unit to encourage medical staffs to provide HPC services at all levels of care.

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Psori Silk in Mild to Moderate Psoriasis: Randomized Phase I-II Study

 

Abstract

Objectives: To assess efficacy and safety of Psori Silk in mild to moderate plaque psoriasis.

Material and Methods: Randomized double blind Psori Silk versus vehicle, 12 weeks treatment and 4 weeks follow up study. The primary endpoint was Modified PASI 50 at week 12, while the secondary endpoint included life quality assessment by DLQI.

Results: The Psori Silk group consisted of 23 patients with 34 lesions treated versus 22 and 36 in the vehicle group, respectively.

Modified PASI 50 seen in 59% versus 22.7% of patients in the active and the vehicle group, respectively (p< 0.001). Mean 33% DLQI improvement was observed in 65.2 versus 27.2% (p< 0.001) of active medicine and vehicle group patients, respectively. Mild and temporary discomfort at the application site was observed in 39 and 23% of the active medicine and vehicle group patients, respectively.

Conclusions: Psori Silk appear to be effective and safe treatment for mild to moderate plaque psoriasis. Keywords: plaque psoriasis; natural medicine; Psori Silk; Modified PASI 50; DLQI.

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Sickle Cell Anemia Versus Sickle Cell Diseases in Adults

 

Abstract

Background: We tried to understand prevalence and clinical severity of sickle cell anemia (SCA) alone or sickle cell diseases (SCD) with associated alpha- or beta-thalassemias in adults.

Methods: All adults with the SCA or SCD were studied.

Results: The study included 441 patients (215 females). The prevalence of SCA was significantly lower than the SCD in adults (29.0% versus 70.9%, p<0.001). The mean age and female ratio were similar in the SCA and SCD groups (31.2 versus 30.5 years and 52.3% versus 47.2%, p>0.05 for both, respectively). The mean body mass index was similar in both groups, too (21.5 versus 21.7 kg/m2, p>0.05, respectively). On the other hand, the total bilirubin value of the plasma was higher in the SCA, significantly (5.7 versus 4.4 mg/dL, p= 0.000). Whereas the total number of transfused units of red blood cells in their lives was similar in the SCA and SCD groups (43.6 versus 37.1 units, p>0.05, respectively).

Conclusion: The SCA alone and SCD are severe inflammatory processes on vascular endothelium particularly at the capillary level and terminate with an accelerated atherosclerosis and end-organ failures in early years of life. The relatively suppressed hemoglobin S synthesis in the SCD secondary to the associated thalassemia’s may decrease sickle cell-induced chronic endothelial damage, inflammation, edema, fibrosis, and end-organ failures. The lower prevalence of the SCA in adults and the higher total bilirubin value of the plasma in them may indicate the relative severity of hemolytic process, vascular endothelial inflammation, and hepatic involvement in the SCA.

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